MEXICO TIMELINE

By Sasha Alex Lessin, Ph.D. (Anthropology, UCLA)

MEXICO TIME CHART
1. 3000–1500 BCE
Early agricultural societies, maize domestication, and village cooperation
2. 1200–400 BCE
Olmec horizon; monumental stone, shared iconography, early coordination systems
3. 100 BCE – 550 CE
Teotihuacan apex; urban planning, astronomy, engineering, and continental influence
4. 600–1100 CE
Toltec inheritance; partial knowledge retention; system fragmentation
5. 1100–1400 CE
Competing city-states; militarization; ideological hardening
6. 1400–1519 CE
Mexica empire; Tenochtitlan dominance; ritualized warfare and sacrifice
7. 1519–1521 CE
Spanish invasion; internal revolts; disease; siege; collapse
8. Post-1521 CE
Colonial extraction replaces ritual extraction; domination continues under new symbols

MEXICO, CROSSROAD OF CULTURES
Mexico’s deep history did not unfold as a simple rise and fall of isolated cultures. It emerged instead as a long, cumulative experiment in human cooperation, engineering, astronomy, and power—repeatedly reshaped by outside incursions, internal hierarchies, ecological limits, and visionary bursts of collective intelligence. From the first calendar keepers who aligned stone and sky, through the builders of Teotihuacan and the Maya astronomer-priests, to the shock of European conquest and the unfinished struggles of the modern state, Mexico reveals a persistent tension between domination and partnership, extraction and balance, secrecy and shared knowledge. This timeline traces that tension across five millennia—not as mythology or romance, but as lived human history, encoded in architecture, calendars, water systems, and social organization, whose consequences continue to shape Mexico and the wider world today.

The Getgo: THOTH, WITH BLACK AFRICAN TECHNICIANS, “INDIANS” (lol) & ANUNNAKI ADMINISTRATORS FROM MESOPOTAMIA SOUGHT GOLD IN MEXICO

Long before empire flags and borders, Ningishzidda—known as Thoth, Kukuklan, Quetzalcoatl—organized gold and copper operations from Central Mexico through Central America to the Andes. From Tiahuanaco and Nazca to Teotihuacan and Yucatán, Kukulcan aligned water, stone, and astronomical observation to rocket gold from Earth powder as an atmospheric shield for Nibiru, home of his ancestors as well as to ship copper for Bronze Age Eurasia.

THE ANUNNAKI

The Anunnaki were either inhabitants of Nibiru or their direct descendants on Earth. Ningishzidda, son of Enki (Ptah/Balam Yokte), coordinated Earth projects in the Western Hemisphere with his uncles Ninurta and Adad (Viracocha). They employed Earth peoples—West African administrators (Olmecs), bearded Semitic advisors, and beardless South American workers (descendants of Cain)—to build, mine, calculate, and observe.

THOTH, RULER OF NORTHERN EGYPT, CEDED EGYPT TO HALF-BROTHER RA AND HELPED WITH STONEHENGE IN BRITAIN, NEW GRANGE, AND TIAHUANCU

3840 BCE: Anu, Nibiru’s King, inspected Earth facilities at Tiahuanacu and pardoned Anunaki Prince Marduk, who had, as Ra, ruled Egypt from Thebes in southern Egypt. The Anunnaki had banished Ra to North America and made Ra’s half-brother Thoth Egypt’s ruler. Thoth let Ra’s Priests carry on their cult of Ra, and Ra became Amun Ra [the missing Ra]. Ra returned to Thebes and set his armies against those of Thoth in the North. After centuries of war in Egypt, Enki removed Thoth and had him assist in building projects at Stonehenge in Britain, Newgrange in Ireland, Tiahuanaco in Bolivia, and, finally, Teotihuacan in central Mexico.

4000 BCETEOTIHUACAN ENGINEERING A MEGACITY

Thirty miles north of today’s Mexico City, Thoth’s team built the unadorned Sun and Moon pyramids along a five-mile avenue sloped to channel water. Mica-lined compartments, tunnels, drainage pipes, and cloverleaf chambers enabled astronomy, ore washing, and gold panning on monumental steps

Olmec centers (La Venta, Tres Zapotes, and San Lorenzo) served as administrative and craft centers. Mayan cities functioned as open ceremonial centers supported by artisans, merchants, and farmers. Calendars, place value, zero, writing, telescopes, and long-cycle astronomy coordinated labor with the sky.

An apprentice whispered, “The numbers tell us when the sky visitors come.”

Cities honored founders as central ancestors. Kings bled themselves to invoke lineage power. After Thoth’s departure (311 BCE), priestly regimes expanded blood sacrifice—from rulers, to enemy elites, to captives—using terror to govern.

A mother at Chichén Itzá prayed, “Have a heart and return.”

Every major city staged the Celestial Battle. The losing captain died, mirroring cosmic rivalries remembered in the Popol Vuh. Frescoes showed bearded Anunnaki and the Tree of Life.

Near Thoth’s landing shore, Chichén Itzá rose as Yucatán’s sacred center. Toltecs migrated south to be near the return site, reproducing Sumerian celestial narratives in stone and building a nine-stage pyramid to Thoth. Offerings—gold, silver, copper—entered the sacred well.

At Palenque, aqueducts, plazas, and temples flourished. Pacal rebuilt after defeat, ruled through trade and tribute, and prepared a hidden burial beneath the Temple of Inscriptions. The sarcophagus lid depicted ascent via the Winged Serpent—to some, a machine; to others, a sky-road.

A stonemason thought, The king travels where we cannot

COPÁN, TIKAL, CALAKMUL

Copán refined the calendar; Tikal raised skyscraper pyramids atop engineered reservoirs; Calakmul rivaled and conquered. Glyphs recorded dates, rulers, and events with phonetic precision.

As northern revolts spread, Olmec-Mayan administrators moved south. At Chavín de Huántar, Viracocha/Adad’s armies annihilated the last Olmecs. Tunnels, waterworks, and monoliths—Tello Obelisk, Raimondi Monolith, El Lanzón—recorded the end of the African-Semitic presence. The Paracas Candelabra marked Adad’s domain.

THOTH’S DEPARTURE & PROMISE

Mayans recalled Kukuklan’s craft swallowed by the Jaguar night. Her said he and Enki would return December 21, 2012, to open the Age of Enki (Aquarius). He might be here, but the Aquarian age is not.

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