Part 1 of MEXICO, CROSSROAD OF CULTURES Overview of Series Mexico’s deep history did not unfold as a simple rise and fall of isolated cultures. It emerged instead as a long, cumulative experiment in human cooperation, engineering, astronomy, and power—repeatedly reshaped by outside incursions, internal hierarchies, ecological limits, and visionary bursts of collective intelligence. From …
MEXICO TIMELINE By Sasha Alex Lessin, Ph.D. (Anthropology, UCLA) MEXICO TIME CHART 1. 3000–1500 BCE Early agricultural societies, maize domestication, and village cooperation 2. 1200–400 BCE Olmec horizon; monumental stone, shared iconography, early coordination systems 3. 100 BCE – 550 CE …
by Janet Kira Lessin, CEO, World Peace Association Compare Hitlerian, Orwellian, and Machiavellian Power Strategies Throughout history, leaders and thinkers have developed different approaches to power, governance, and control. While some have sought to rule through brute force, others have relied on psychological manipulation or cunning political maneuvering. Among the most infamous and widely discussed …
By Sasha Alex Lessin, Ph.D. (Anthropology, UCLA) Across history, two currents compete for Greenland. One is the murderous domination syndrome—empires, corporations, and militaries grabbing land, resources, and strategic positions. The other is the cooperative partnership current, echoing the Great Goddess tradition—local peoples living in balance with sea, ice, and sky. This timeline traces Greenland from …
By Sasha Alex Lessin, Ph.D. (Anthropology, UCLA) 2013–2016: PRESIDENT NICOLÁS MADURO INHERITED CRISIS When Nicolás Maduro assumed the presidency in April 2013 after Hugo Chávez’s death, he inherited a petro-state weakened by centralized power and deep dependence on oil rents. Chávez had built a welfare-populist state funded by high oil prices — but also entrenched …
By Sasha Alex Lessin, Ph.D. (Anthropology, UCLA) Overview Hugo Chávez entered office in 1999 after voters elected him to overturn the old party system. Chávez, driven, as most rulers are, by the ancient Anunnaki mindset to dominate, stormed into office and forced through a new constitution. He renamed the country the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela …
THE CRISIS OF THE OLD ORDER By Sasha Alex Lessin, Ph.D. (Anthropology, UCLA) 1989-1998: INTERNATIONAL BANKERS IMPOSED AUSTERITY ON VENEZUELA, TRIGGERING CITIZEN RIOTS Venezuelans dropped the principles of the old Punto Fijo Pact order, which, like the U.S. Constitution, failed to mitigate the suffering of the underclasses. Venezuela experienced debt, inequality, and political exhaustion. Corruption, …
By Sasha Alex Lessin, Ph.D. (Anthropology, UCLA) Backstory: From 1908 to 1935, José Antonio Páez established the presidential rulership pattern, and President Gómez perfected it. President Páez ruled through charisma, cavalry, and negotiated loyalty in a fractured land. Gómez inherited a quieter battlefield and weaponized administration, prisons, and contracts. Where Páez balanced regions, Gómez crushed …
1908-1935: FROM PÁEZ TO GÓMEZ: THE STRONGMAN LINE HARDENED José Antonio Páez established the pattern. Juan Vicente Gómez perfected it. Páez ruled through charisma, cavalry, and negotiated loyalty in a fractured land. Gómez inherited a quieter battlefield and weaponized administration, prisons, and contracts. Where Páez balanced regions, Gómez crushed them. Where Páez tolerated rivals, Gómez …
By Sasha Alex Lessin, Ph.D. (Anthropology, UCLA) Transition for Readers New to This Series Spain lost Venezuela, but Spain’s power did not vanish with the empire. After independence, control condensed. Kings disappeared. Strongmen stepped forward. The collapse of Spanish rule opened a political vacuum that was not filled with partnership councils or broad civic participation. …
